The tax brackets below apply to income earned during the 2026 calendar year. This is the income you report on the tax return due April 15, 2027 (or Oct. 15 with an extension). These are the final, official figures. The…
⏱ 4 min read
The tax brackets below apply to income earned during the 2026 calendar year. This is the income you report on the tax return due April 15, 2027 (or Oct. 15 with an extension). These are the final, official figures. The IRS published them on Oct. 9, 2025, in Revenue Procedure 2025-32, and they are the first set to reflect the July 2025 tax overhaul known as OBBBA (Public Law 119-21, formally titled the One Big Beautiful Bill Act). Most inflation-indexed amounts rose about 2.3 percent over 2025. The 10 percent and 12 percent brackets rose about 4 percent because OBBBA gave the two lowest brackets one extra year of indexing. The seven rates themselves did not move, and OBBBA wrote them into law for good.
Individual Tax Rates and Brackets
The grid below covers all four filing statuses for 2026. Each cell is the highest amount of taxable income taxed at that row’s rate; anything beyond it spills into the next rate. Your taxable income is whatever remains after you subtract the standard deduction or your itemized deductions from adjusted gross income.
Individual Income Tax Brackets: Tax Year 2026 (Top of Each Bracket, Taxable Income)
Rate
Single
Joint
Separate
Head of Household
10%
$12,400
$24,800
$12,400
$17,700
12%
$50,400
$100,800
$50,400
$67,450
22%
$105,700
$211,400
$105,700
$105,700
24%
$201,775
$403,550
$201,775
$201,750
32%
$256,225
$512,450
$256,225
$256,200
35%
$640,600
$768,700
$384,350
$640,600
37%
Above $640,600
Above $768,700
Above $384,350
Above $640,600
Joint refers to spouses who combine everything on one return; Separate refers to spouses who each file on their own. Separate filers use the single thresholds through the 32 percent bracket, but their 35 percent bracket ends at $384,350, half of the joint figure.
Trusts & Estates Tax Brackets
Trusts and estates get their own, much narrower, rate schedule. The top rate arrives once taxable income passes just $16,000.
Trusts and Estates Tax Brackets: Tax Year 2026
Taxable Income
Rate
Up to $3,300
10%
$3,300 to $11,700
24%
$11,700 to $16,000
35%
Beyond $16,000
37%
Standard Deductions
Here is the 2026 standard deduction for each filing status alongside the prior year. The 2025 column shows the amounts after OBBBA retroactively raised them in July 2025, not the lower figures the IRS had announced in late 2024. OBBBA also locked in the larger deduction going forward.
Standard Deduction Amounts
Filing Status
2026
2025
Increase
Single
$16,100
$15,750
$350
Joint
$32,200
$31,500
$700
Separate
$16,100
$15,750
$350
Head of Household
$24,150
$23,625
$525
Taxpayers who are 65 or older, blind or both get an additional amount per condition: $2,050 if unmarried and not a surviving spouse, otherwise $1,650. Separately, OBBBA created a temporary deduction of $6,000 for each taxpayer 65 or older, available for the 2025 through 2028 tax years. It shrinks by 6 cents for every dollar of modified AGI beyond $75,000 for a single filer or $150,000 on a joint return.
AMT Exemptions and Phase-Outs
The table below shows the 2026 AMT exemptions and the income level at which each one starts to shrink.
AMT Exemption Amounts: Tax Year 2026
Filing Status
Phase-Out Starts At
Exemption
Joint (and surviving spouses)
$1,000,000
$140,200
Single filers and heads of household
$500,000
$90,100
Married, filing separately
$500,000
$70,100
Estates and trusts
$104,800
$31,400
The phase-out is where OBBBA bites. In 2025 a single filer kept the full exemption until alternative minimum taxable income (AMTI) passed $626,350, and a couple until $1,252,700. OBBBA pulled those starting points back to a flat $500,000 and $1,000,000 (indexing resumes after 2026) and made the exemption disappear twice as fast: each dollar of AMTI beyond the threshold now wipes out half a dollar of exemption instead of a quarter. A single filer has no exemption left at $680,200 of AMTI, and a couple at $1,280,400.
Capital Gains
How a capital gain is taxed depends first on how long you owned the asset. Short-term gains, from assets owned 12 months or less, are added to your other income and taxed at the ordinary rates above. Long-term gains come from assets owned longer than 12 months. The three rates (0 percent, 15 percent and 20 percent) are unchanged for 2026, but the taxable income levels that separate them have moved up. The table shows the top of the 0 percent band and the top of the 15 percent band for each filing status; anything higher is taxed at 20 percent.
Long-Term Capital Gains Thresholds: Tax Year 2026
Filing Status
Top of 0% Band
Top of 15% Band
Single
$49,450
$545,500
Joint
$98,900
$613,700
Separate
$49,450
$306,850
Head of Household
$66,200
$579,600
Estates and trusts
$3,300
$16,250
Note that the 20 percent rate does not begin where the 37 percent bracket begins. A single filer reaches 20 percent once taxable income passes $545,500, roughly $95,000 before the 37 percent bracket starts at $640,600. Collectibles are capped at a 28 percent rate, and the 3.8 percent net investment income tax still applies above $200,000 of modified AGI ($250,000 for joint filers).
Conclusion
Use these amounts as a guide in understanding your tax situation for 2026, when you prepare and submit the return in 2027. Because these are official IRS figures rather than projections, you can rely on them now for withholding, estimated payments and year-end planning. They are also a good starting point for a conversation with your tax advisor.
2026 Tax Brackets, Standard Deductions and More
November 1, 2026 · Blog, Tax and Financial News, Uncategorized
⏱ 4 min read
The tax brackets below apply to income earned during the 2026 calendar year. This is the income you report on the tax return due April 15, 2027 (or Oct. 15 with an extension). These are the final, official figures. The IRS published them on Oct. 9, 2025, in Revenue Procedure 2025-32, and they are the first set to reflect the July 2025 tax overhaul known as OBBBA (Public Law 119-21, formally titled the One Big Beautiful Bill Act). Most inflation-indexed amounts rose about 2.3 percent over 2025. The 10 percent and 12 percent brackets rose about 4 percent because OBBBA gave the two lowest brackets one extra year of indexing. The seven rates themselves did not move, and OBBBA wrote them into law for good.
Individual Tax Rates and Brackets
The grid below covers all four filing statuses for 2026. Each cell is the highest amount of taxable income taxed at that row’s rate; anything beyond it spills into the next rate. Your taxable income is whatever remains after you subtract the standard deduction or your itemized deductions from adjusted gross income.
Individual Income Tax Brackets: Tax Year 2026 (Top of Each Bracket, Taxable Income)
Rate
Single
Joint
Separate
Head of Household
10%
$12,400
$24,800
$12,400
$17,700
12%
$50,400
$100,800
$50,400
$67,450
22%
$105,700
$211,400
$105,700
$105,700
24%
$201,775
$403,550
$201,775
$201,750
32%
$256,225
$512,450
$256,225
$256,200
35%
$640,600
$768,700
$384,350
$640,600
37%
Above $640,600
Above $768,700
Above $384,350
Above $640,600
Joint refers to spouses who combine everything on one return; Separate refers to spouses who each file on their own. Separate filers use the single thresholds through the 32 percent bracket, but their 35 percent bracket ends at $384,350, half of the joint figure.
Trusts & Estates Tax Brackets
Trusts and estates get their own, much narrower, rate schedule. The top rate arrives once taxable income passes just $16,000.
Trusts and Estates Tax Brackets: Tax Year 2026
Taxable Income
Rate
Up to $3,300
10%
$3,300 to $11,700
24%
$11,700 to $16,000
35%
Beyond $16,000
37%
Standard Deductions
Here is the 2026 standard deduction for each filing status alongside the prior year. The 2025 column shows the amounts after OBBBA retroactively raised them in July 2025, not the lower figures the IRS had announced in late 2024. OBBBA also locked in the larger deduction going forward.
Standard Deduction Amounts
Filing Status
2026
2025
Increase
Single
$16,100
$15,750
$350
Joint
$32,200
$31,500
$700
Separate
$16,100
$15,750
$350
Head of Household
$24,150
$23,625
$525
Taxpayers who are 65 or older, blind or both get an additional amount per condition: $2,050 if unmarried and not a surviving spouse, otherwise $1,650. Separately, OBBBA created a temporary deduction of $6,000 for each taxpayer 65 or older, available for the 2025 through 2028 tax years. It shrinks by 6 cents for every dollar of modified AGI beyond $75,000 for a single filer or $150,000 on a joint return.
AMT Exemptions and Phase-Outs
The table below shows the 2026 AMT exemptions and the income level at which each one starts to shrink.
AMT Exemption Amounts: Tax Year 2026
Filing Status
Phase-Out Starts At
Exemption
Joint (and surviving spouses)
$1,000,000
$140,200
Single filers and heads of household
$500,000
$90,100
Married, filing separately
$500,000
$70,100
Estates and trusts
$104,800
$31,400
The phase-out is where OBBBA bites. In 2025 a single filer kept the full exemption until alternative minimum taxable income (AMTI) passed $626,350, and a couple until $1,252,700. OBBBA pulled those starting points back to a flat $500,000 and $1,000,000 (indexing resumes after 2026) and made the exemption disappear twice as fast: each dollar of AMTI beyond the threshold now wipes out half a dollar of exemption instead of a quarter. A single filer has no exemption left at $680,200 of AMTI, and a couple at $1,280,400.
Capital Gains
How a capital gain is taxed depends first on how long you owned the asset. Short-term gains, from assets owned 12 months or less, are added to your other income and taxed at the ordinary rates above. Long-term gains come from assets owned longer than 12 months. The three rates (0 percent, 15 percent and 20 percent) are unchanged for 2026, but the taxable income levels that separate them have moved up. The table shows the top of the 0 percent band and the top of the 15 percent band for each filing status; anything higher is taxed at 20 percent.
Long-Term Capital Gains Thresholds: Tax Year 2026
Filing Status
Top of 0% Band
Top of 15% Band
Single
$49,450
$545,500
Joint
$98,900
$613,700
Separate
$49,450
$306,850
Head of Household
$66,200
$579,600
Estates and trusts
$3,300
$16,250
Note that the 20 percent rate does not begin where the 37 percent bracket begins. A single filer reaches 20 percent once taxable income passes $545,500, roughly $95,000 before the 37 percent bracket starts at $640,600. Collectibles are capped at a 28 percent rate, and the 3.8 percent net investment income tax still applies above $200,000 of modified AGI ($250,000 for joint filers).
Conclusion
Use these amounts as a guide in understanding your tax situation for 2026, when you prepare and submit the return in 2027. Because these are official IRS figures rather than projections, you can rely on them now for withholding, estimated payments and year-end planning. They are also a good starting point for a conversation with your tax advisor.
Disclaimer
These articles provide general information on tax, accounting, and financial topics for small businesses and individuals. They are educational in nature and are not specific legal, accounting, financial, tax, or other professional advice, and should not be relied upon as such. This content was prepared by Service2Client and may have been reviewed or edited by the website owner for accuracy and compliance. Look for a trust mark below for verification details. No representation is made that any approach described will achieve a particular result, and no regulatory or professional body has reviewed or endorsed this content. Because each situation is different, readers should consult a qualified professional about their specific circumstances before acting. Images accompanying these articles are protected by copyright and may not be copied or reused.
Improving Social Security’s Service to Victims of Identity Theft Act (HR 5345) – The purpose of this legislation is to provide a single point of contact at the Social Security Administration…
⏱ 3 min read
Improving Social Security’s Service to Victims of Identity Theft Act (HR 5345) – The purpose of this legislation is to provide a single point of contact at the Social Security Administration for victims of identity theft. A team of specially trained employees will track cases from beginning to end, including coordination with other agencies as necessary. The bill was introduced by Rep. David Kustroff (R-TN) on Sept. 15, 2025. It passed in the House on Dec. 1, 2025, the Senate on Sept. 17, 2026, and was signed into law on Oct. 7.
Romance Scam Prevention Act (HRs 2481) – This bill requires online dating service providers to issue fraud ban notifications to online dating service members. The notices would also include statements that banned users may be using a false identity and that users should not send money or personal financial information to another user. The legislation was introduced by Rep. David Valadao (R-CA) on March 31, 2025. It passed in the House on June 23, 2025, in the Senate on Sept. 23, 2026, and was enacted by the president on Oct. 20.
End Tax Penalties on American Hostages Act (HR 9496) – This legislation postpones federal tax deadlines and suspends penalties for U.S. nationals who are unlawfully detained or held hostage abroad. Introduced by Rep. Claudia Tenney (R-NY) on June 29, the bill passed in both chambers during September and currently awaits the president’s signature.
Mystic Alerts Act (HR 7022) – This bipartisan bill was introduced by Rep. August Pfluger (R-TX) on Jan. 12. Named in honor of the people who died at Camp Mystic in Texas during the 2025 floods, this act authorizes wireless emergency alerts to be transmitted to mobile devices by satellite, making them more available via commercial mobile service providers to personal devices (on an opt-out basis). It passed in the House on April 20, in the Senate on Sept. 30 and has yet to be enacted.
Criminal History Access Act of 2026 (HR 8352) – Introduced by Rep. Derek Schmidt (R-KS) on April 16, this bill would enable law enforcement agencies to access criminal history record information maintained by the Federal Bureau of Investigation for the purposes of hiring, training and assessing ethical conduct. This act passed in the House on May 12, in the Senate on Sept. 30 and currently awaits enactment.
Bankruptcy Threshold Adjustment Act of 2026 (HR 7730) – This bill restores previously expired (2024) debt limits for Subchapter V (small business) and Chapter 13 (personal) bankruptcies. Under Subchapter V, the debt limit increases from $3.4 million to $7.5 million. Under Chapter 13, the debt limit increases from around $2.1 million to $2.75 million. The bill was introduced on Sept. 11, 2025, by Rep. Jimmy Panetta (D-CA). The restored limits enable a quicker and less expensive reorganization process. Introduced on Feb. 26 by Rep. Ben Cline (R-VA), the bill passed in the House on Sept. 16, in the Senate on Sept. 28 and currently awaits the president’s signature.
Protect College Sports Act of 2026 (S 4668) – This act, introduced by Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX) on June 2, is designed to protect the name, image and likeness rights of student athletes. It also limits athletes’ ability to transfer to another school more than once during their collegiate career without having to miss a season. One of the more controversial components is that the bill would increase direct player spending caps from roughly $21.5 million to approximately $49.2 million, which would give larger, well-funded university athletic programs a competitive recruiting edge. The act passed in the House on Sept. 28 and is under consideration in the Senate.
Cracking Down on Identity Theft and Dating App Scams, Strengthening Emergency Alerts, Law Enforcement and College Sports
November 1, 2026 · Blog, Congress at Work, Uncategorized
⏱ 3 min read
Improving Social Security’s Service to Victims of Identity Theft Act (HR 5345) – The purpose of this legislation is to provide a single point of contact at the Social Security Administration for victims of identity theft. A team of specially trained employees will track cases from beginning to end, including coordination with other agencies as necessary. The bill was introduced by Rep. David Kustroff (R-TN) on Sept. 15, 2025. It passed in the House on Dec. 1, 2025, the Senate on Sept. 17, 2026, and was signed into law on Oct. 7.
Romance Scam Prevention Act (HRs 2481) – This bill requires online dating service providers to issue fraud ban notifications to online dating service members. The notices would also include statements that banned users may be using a false identity and that users should not send money or personal financial information to another user. The legislation was introduced by Rep. David Valadao (R-CA) on March 31, 2025. It passed in the House on June 23, 2025, in the Senate on Sept. 23, 2026, and was enacted by the president on Oct. 20.
End Tax Penalties on American Hostages Act (HR 9496) – This legislation postpones federal tax deadlines and suspends penalties for U.S. nationals who are unlawfully detained or held hostage abroad. Introduced by Rep. Claudia Tenney (R-NY) on June 29, the bill passed in both chambers during September and currently awaits the president’s signature.
Mystic Alerts Act (HR 7022) – This bipartisan bill was introduced by Rep. August Pfluger (R-TX) on Jan. 12. Named in honor of the people who died at Camp Mystic in Texas during the 2025 floods, this act authorizes wireless emergency alerts to be transmitted to mobile devices by satellite, making them more available via commercial mobile service providers to personal devices (on an opt-out basis). It passed in the House on April 20, in the Senate on Sept. 30 and has yet to be enacted.
Criminal History Access Act of 2026 (HR 8352) – Introduced by Rep. Derek Schmidt (R-KS) on April 16, this bill would enable law enforcement agencies to access criminal history record information maintained by the Federal Bureau of Investigation for the purposes of hiring, training and assessing ethical conduct. This act passed in the House on May 12, in the Senate on Sept. 30 and currently awaits enactment.
Bankruptcy Threshold Adjustment Act of 2026 (HR 7730) – This bill restores previously expired (2024) debt limits for Subchapter V (small business) and Chapter 13 (personal) bankruptcies. Under Subchapter V, the debt limit increases from $3.4 million to $7.5 million. Under Chapter 13, the debt limit increases from around $2.1 million to $2.75 million. The bill was introduced on Sept. 11, 2025, by Rep. Jimmy Panetta (D-CA). The restored limits enable a quicker and less expensive reorganization process. Introduced on Feb. 26 by Rep. Ben Cline (R-VA), the bill passed in the House on Sept. 16, in the Senate on Sept. 28 and currently awaits the president’s signature.
Protect College Sports Act of 2026 (S 4668) – This act, introduced by Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX) on June 2, is designed to protect the name, image and likeness rights of student athletes. It also limits athletes’ ability to transfer to another school more than once during their collegiate career without having to miss a season. One of the more controversial components is that the bill would increase direct player spending caps from roughly $21.5 million to approximately $49.2 million, which would give larger, well-funded university athletic programs a competitive recruiting edge. The act passed in the House on Sept. 28 and is under consideration in the Senate.
Disclaimer
These articles provide general information on tax, accounting, and financial topics for small businesses and individuals. They are educational in nature and are not specific legal, accounting, financial, tax, or other professional advice, and should not be relied upon as such. This content was prepared by Service2Client and may have been reviewed or edited by the website owner for accuracy and compliance. Look for a trust mark below for verification details. No representation is made that any approach described will achieve a particular result, and no regulatory or professional body has reviewed or endorsed this content. Because each situation is different, readers should consult a qualified professional about their specific circumstances before acting. Images accompanying these articles are protected by copyright and may not be copied or reused.
With the global bond market size bigger than many of the world’s biggest economies, it’s important for businesses that sell bonds to understand how to report transactions properly. According to the International Capital Market…
⏱ 3 min read
With the global bond market size bigger than many of the world’s biggest economies, it’s important for businesses that sell bonds to understand how to report transactions properly. According to the International Capital Market Association (ICMA), the global bond market’s capitalization is more than $128 trillion.
Defining Bonds
Offered by government or corporate entities, bonds are a static commitment issued to investors. Entities earn money from investors to invest in infrastructure or support operations. Investors receive a coupon payment periodically, and the bond is settled at a future date, which is referred to as the maturity date.
When bonds are tendered, they may be done at a discount, at face value, or at a premium. The valuation relies on the gap at issuance between a bond’s coupon rate and the bond’s yield based on prevailing prices. Upon bond issuance, the bond’s face value is recorded under bonds payable, as the issuing entity receives payment for the bond’s prevailing market value. If there’s a positive difference, it’s recorded at a premium. If there’s a negative difference, it’s recorded at a discount.
Bond Issuance and Accounting Considerations
When sold at par value, after the corporation or government entity receives payment from investors, the issuing entity records it as a liability because it’s liable for the investor’s investment. This would be set up as:
Debit
Credit
Cash
$100
Bonds Payable
$100
Bonds Payable Defined
Since the entity owes the investor, bonds payable is recorded on the liability section of a business’ balance sheet. Much of the time, bonds payable are reported as non-current liabilities.
When sold at a discount, a gap exists between a bond’s par value and the monetary investment the issuing entity obtains from the investor; the issuing entity must record the transaction as a discount on bonds payable account. The journal entry is as follows:
Debit
Credit
Cash
$100
Discount on Bonds Payable
$100
$100
Bonds Payable
$100
If bonds are purchased at a premium, which is when investors pay more for a bond with a higher interest rate, providing higher coupon payments, entities must record it as a premium on bonds payable (POBP) account. It often occurs when purchasers agree to lesser earnings due to the bond having a higher rate than prevailing rates. In the case of a bond’s issuance at a premium, it can be recorded as follows:
Debit
Credit
Cash
$100
POBP
$100
Bonds Payable
$100
If there’s a discount on bonds payable, the recurrent record must reflect the interest expense with a debit transaction and the bonds payable entry must see a credit. This accounting method impacts the bond issuer by growing the total interest expense, which the issuer records.
If, however, the issuer receives payment from investors beyond the face value, the interest expense must be credited, and the premium on bonds payable entry should receive a debit.
Conclusion
Whether it’s a business issuing bonds or an investor evaluating a company, understanding how to account for bonds is essential to evaluate a business’ financial health.
How to Account for Bonds
October 1, 2026 · Accounting News, Blog, Uncategorized
⏱ 3 min read
With the global bond market size bigger than many of the world’s biggest economies, it’s important for businesses that sell bonds to understand how to report transactions properly. According to the International Capital Market Association (ICMA), the global bond market’s capitalization is more than $128 trillion.
Defining Bonds
Offered by government or corporate entities, bonds are a static commitment issued to investors. Entities earn money from investors to invest in infrastructure or support operations. Investors receive a coupon payment periodically, and the bond is settled at a future date, which is referred to as the maturity date.
When bonds are tendered, they may be done at a discount, at face value, or at a premium. The valuation relies on the gap at issuance between a bond’s coupon rate and the bond’s yield based on prevailing prices. Upon bond issuance, the bond’s face value is recorded under bonds payable, as the issuing entity receives payment for the bond’s prevailing market value. If there’s a positive difference, it’s recorded at a premium. If there’s a negative difference, it’s recorded at a discount.
Bond Issuance and Accounting Considerations
When sold at par value, after the corporation or government entity receives payment from investors, the issuing entity records it as a liability because it’s liable for the investor’s investment. This would be set up as:
Debit
Credit
Cash
$100
Bonds Payable
$100
Bonds Payable Defined
Since the entity owes the investor, bonds payable is recorded on the liability section of a business’ balance sheet. Much of the time, bonds payable are reported as non-current liabilities.
When sold at a discount, a gap exists between a bond’s par value and the monetary investment the issuing entity obtains from the investor; the issuing entity must record the transaction as a discount on bonds payable account. The journal entry is as follows:
Debit
Credit
Cash
$100
Discount on Bonds Payable
$100
$100
Bonds Payable
$100
If bonds are purchased at a premium, which is when investors pay more for a bond with a higher interest rate, providing higher coupon payments, entities must record it as a premium on bonds payable (POBP) account. It often occurs when purchasers agree to lesser earnings due to the bond having a higher rate than prevailing rates. In the case of a bond’s issuance at a premium, it can be recorded as follows:
Debit
Credit
Cash
$100
POBP
$100
Bonds Payable
$100
If there’s a discount on bonds payable, the recurrent record must reflect the interest expense with a debit transaction and the bonds payable entry must see a credit. This accounting method impacts the bond issuer by growing the total interest expense, which the issuer records.
If, however, the issuer receives payment from investors beyond the face value, the interest expense must be credited, and the premium on bonds payable entry should receive a debit.
Conclusion
Whether it’s a business issuing bonds or an investor evaluating a company, understanding how to account for bonds is essential to evaluate a business’ financial health.
Disclaimer
These articles provide general information on tax, accounting, and financial topics for small businesses and individuals. They are educational in nature and are not specific legal, accounting, financial, tax, or other professional advice, and should not be relied upon as such. This content was prepared by Service2Client and may have been reviewed or edited by the website owner for accuracy and compliance. Look for a trust mark below for verification details. No representation is made that any approach described will achieve a particular result, and no regulatory or professional body has reviewed or endorsed this content. Because each situation is different, readers should consult a qualified professional about their specific circumstances before acting. Images accompanying these articles are protected by copyright and may not be copied or reused.
Anyone who has moved retirement money out of an old employer’s plan knows how frustrating it can be. Every administrator has their own forms. Timelines are all over the place. Paper checks show up weeks later…
⏱ 4 min read
Anyone who has moved retirement money out of an old employer’s plan knows how frustrating it can be. Every administrator has their own forms. Timelines are all over the place. Paper checks show up weeks later with vague instructions. The whole thing should have been fixed a long time ago.
The IRS is finally doing something about it. Notice 2026-49 puts out four sample forms and a five-step procedure meant to bring some consistency to direct rollovers. Plans do not have to use them, and there is no safe harbor, but you can see where this is going.
The Problem Worth Solving
When you leave a job, you have to figure out what to do with your 401(k). You can cash it out and take the tax hit. You can leave it sitting there. Or you can roll it into a new employer’s plan or an IRA.
A direct rollover is usually the way to go. The money travels straight from the old plan to the new one without ever hitting your bank account, which keeps things clean and avoids the 60-day deadline you face if you take possession yourself.
The trouble is that every plan does things differently. A 2024 GAO study found that roughly one in three people doing rollovers ended up with a paper check in hand that they were supposed to forward themselves. Checks get lost. They sit on the counter for weeks. And the whole time, that money is not invested anywhere.
How the New System Works
Here is what Treasury is proposing. You fill out Form 1 and give it to the plan or IRA that will be receiving your money. That form lets the receiving plan reach out to your old plan and handle the transfer on your behalf. The two plans swap Forms 2 through 4 to make sure everything is in order. If something goes sideways, the receiving plan has to tell you.
The IRS wants this done electronically whenever possible. When electronic is not an option, the old plan should write a check payable to the receiving plan for your benefit and mail it directly there. No more sending checks to participants and hoping they take it from there.
Tax Rules Stay the Same
None of this changes how rollovers are taxed. Eligible distributions that complete a proper rollover still stay out of income. You still cannot roll over a required minimum distribution. Pre-tax money stays pre-tax. Roth stays Roth. This is about the plumbing, not the tax code.
IRA-to-IRA transfers are not covered here. Those already go through the ACATS electronic system, so Treasury left them alone.
No Safe Harbor Yet
Plans can use these forms, change them, or ignore them completely. Right now, there is no reward for following along.
That could change. Treasury says it is thinking about offering safe harbors down the road. A receiving plan that uses the standard forms might eventually be allowed to assume the rollover is valid unless something looks off. That would give administrators a real incentive to adopt the new process.
Conclusion and What Comes Next
The IRS has hinted at bigger changes. Future guidance might require electronic transfers across the board, kill off the practice of mailing checks to participants, and get rid of some of the procedural friction that slows things down.
For now, the sample forms are sitting in the appendix of Notice 2026-49. They are there if you want them. If you have ever spent weeks tracking down a check that went to the wrong address or trying to explain one plan’s process to another plan’s administrator, you understand what Treasury is trying to fix. They want rollovers to be faster, simpler, and harder to mess up. This is a start.
Rolling Over Your 401(k) Just Got Less Painful – Here’s What the IRS Changed
October 1, 2026 · Blog, Tax and Financial News, Uncategorized
⏱ 4 min read
Anyone who has moved retirement money out of an old employer’s plan knows how frustrating it can be. Every administrator has their own forms. Timelines are all over the place. Paper checks show up weeks later with vague instructions. The whole thing should have been fixed a long time ago.
The IRS is finally doing something about it. Notice 2026-49 puts out four sample forms and a five-step procedure meant to bring some consistency to direct rollovers. Plans do not have to use them, and there is no safe harbor, but you can see where this is going.
The Problem Worth Solving
When you leave a job, you have to figure out what to do with your 401(k). You can cash it out and take the tax hit. You can leave it sitting there. Or you can roll it into a new employer’s plan or an IRA.
A direct rollover is usually the way to go. The money travels straight from the old plan to the new one without ever hitting your bank account, which keeps things clean and avoids the 60-day deadline you face if you take possession yourself.
The trouble is that every plan does things differently. A 2024 GAO study found that roughly one in three people doing rollovers ended up with a paper check in hand that they were supposed to forward themselves. Checks get lost. They sit on the counter for weeks. And the whole time, that money is not invested anywhere.
How the New System Works
Here is what Treasury is proposing. You fill out Form 1 and give it to the plan or IRA that will be receiving your money. That form lets the receiving plan reach out to your old plan and handle the transfer on your behalf. The two plans swap Forms 2 through 4 to make sure everything is in order. If something goes sideways, the receiving plan has to tell you.
The IRS wants this done electronically whenever possible. When electronic is not an option, the old plan should write a check payable to the receiving plan for your benefit and mail it directly there. No more sending checks to participants and hoping they take it from there.
Tax Rules Stay the Same
None of this changes how rollovers are taxed. Eligible distributions that complete a proper rollover still stay out of income. You still cannot roll over a required minimum distribution. Pre-tax money stays pre-tax. Roth stays Roth. This is about the plumbing, not the tax code.
IRA-to-IRA transfers are not covered here. Those already go through the ACATS electronic system, so Treasury left them alone.
No Safe Harbor Yet
Plans can use these forms, change them, or ignore them completely. Right now, there is no reward for following along.
That could change. Treasury says it is thinking about offering safe harbors down the road. A receiving plan that uses the standard forms might eventually be allowed to assume the rollover is valid unless something looks off. That would give administrators a real incentive to adopt the new process.
Conclusion and What Comes Next
The IRS has hinted at bigger changes. Future guidance might require electronic transfers across the board, kill off the practice of mailing checks to participants, and get rid of some of the procedural friction that slows things down.
For now, the sample forms are sitting in the appendix of Notice 2026-49. They are there if you want them. If you have ever spent weeks tracking down a check that went to the wrong address or trying to explain one plan’s process to another plan’s administrator, you understand what Treasury is trying to fix. They want rollovers to be faster, simpler, and harder to mess up. This is a start.
Disclaimer
These articles provide general information on tax, accounting, and financial topics for small businesses and individuals. They are educational in nature and are not specific legal, accounting, financial, tax, or other professional advice, and should not be relied upon as such. This content was prepared by Service2Client and may have been reviewed or edited by the website owner for accuracy and compliance. Look for a trust mark below for verification details. No representation is made that any approach described will achieve a particular result, and no regulatory or professional body has reviewed or endorsed this content. Because each situation is different, readers should consult a qualified professional about their specific circumstances before acting. Images accompanying these articles are protected by copyright and may not be copied or reused.
Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2027 (HR 6500) – This appropriations bill was finalized and passed…
⏱ 4 min read
Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2027 (HR 6500) – This appropriations bill was finalized and passed by both the House and the Senate on Sept. 1. The act funds the fiscal year 2027 government budget through Dec. 11 at current levels. It was signed by the President on Sept. 2.
Prison Staff Safety Enhancement Act (S 307) – This bill is designed to address sexual harassment and sexual assault of Bureau of Prisons correctional officers and other staff by incarcerated prisoners. Specifically, it details national standards for the prevention, reduction, and punishment of perpetrators. The legislation was introduced by Sen. Marsha Blackburn (R-TN) on Jan. 29, 2025. It passed in the Senate on April 29, 2025; in the House on Aug. 31; and was enacted by the president on Sept. 16.
Retire through Ownership Act (S 2403) – Introduced by Sen. Roger Marshall (R-KS) on July 23, 2025, this bill amends the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. ESOPs are Employee Stock Ownership Plans that enable employees to accrue shares of their employers’ stock as part of a pension plan, in which they receive the cash value of their shares upon retirement. This bill clearly defines how a good-faith valuation should be determined by independent professional appraisers, based on IRS Revenue Ruling 59-60 for valuing privately held stock. In the past, ambiguous valuation methods have resulted in litigation. This act passed in the Senate on October 9, 2025, and in the House on Sept. 16. It currently awaits the president’s signature.
Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026 (HR 5334) – This largely bipartisan act was championed by the late Sen. Lindsey Graham (R-SC). The legislation imposes a variety of sanctions, tariffs, and prohibitions related to Russia and Iran, and explicitly prohibits U.S. persons from making new investments in Russia. It also expands the tax deduction for early childhood education teachers for classroom expenses. The bill was introduced on Sept. 11, 2025, by Rep. Jimmy Panetta (D-CA). It passed in the House on April 27 and in the Senate on Aug. 7, with final changes agreed upon on Sept. 16. The president signed the bill into law a day later.
Digital Asset Market Clarity Act (HR 3633) – Known as the Clarity Act, the purpose of this Trump Administration-backed bill is to implement the first regulations for the crypto sector. The bill was introduced by Rep. French Hill (R-AR) on May 29, 2025. It passed in the House on July 17, 2025. However, opponents of the bill say the industry-led standards are far too lenient and do not provide enough safeguards. The bill recently failed in the Senate after a party-line cloture vote, which means the debate ended before the floor could vote on the bill (considered a filibuster). The cloture vote does not rule out the Senate trying again at a later date.
Ratepayer Protection Act (HR 9340) – In an effort to rein in AI data center utility costs, this bill would require state utilities to consider adopting standards to ensure cost recovery for the generation, transmission, and distribution services of large-load electricity customers. This high-stakes, bipartisan issue comes ahead of the midterm elections in an effort to assure voters that local data centers will not ramp up local residents’ utility bills. The legislation was introduced by Rep. Gabe Evans (R-CO) on June 18. It passed in the House on Sept. 16 and currently resides in the Senate.
Stopping Political Discrimination in Disaster Assistance Act (HR 1342) – Current law states that federal major disaster emergency relief and assistance must be provided without discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, nationality, sex, age, disability, English proficiency or economic status. The bill, introduced by Rep. Scott Perry (R-PA) on Feb. 13, 2025, would add political affiliation protection under this requirement. The act passed in the House on Sept. 16 and awaits consideration in the Senate.
Pre-Election Focus on Russian/Iran Sanctions, AI Utility Bills, Crypto Regulation and Nondiscriminatory FEMA Assistance
October 1, 2026 · Blog, Congress at Work, Uncategorized
⏱ 4 min read
Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2027 (HR 6500) – This appropriations bill was finalized and passed by both the House and the Senate on Sept. 1. The act funds the fiscal year 2027 government budget through Dec. 11 at current levels. It was signed by the President on Sept. 2.
Prison Staff Safety Enhancement Act (S 307) – This bill is designed to address sexual harassment and sexual assault of Bureau of Prisons correctional officers and other staff by incarcerated prisoners. Specifically, it details national standards for the prevention, reduction, and punishment of perpetrators. The legislation was introduced by Sen. Marsha Blackburn (R-TN) on Jan. 29, 2025. It passed in the Senate on April 29, 2025; in the House on Aug. 31; and was enacted by the president on Sept. 16.
Retire through Ownership Act (S 2403) – Introduced by Sen. Roger Marshall (R-KS) on July 23, 2025, this bill amends the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. ESOPs are Employee Stock Ownership Plans that enable employees to accrue shares of their employers’ stock as part of a pension plan, in which they receive the cash value of their shares upon retirement. This bill clearly defines how a good-faith valuation should be determined by independent professional appraisers, based on IRS Revenue Ruling 59-60 for valuing privately held stock. In the past, ambiguous valuation methods have resulted in litigation. This act passed in the Senate on October 9, 2025, and in the House on Sept. 16. It currently awaits the president’s signature.
Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026 (HR 5334) – This largely bipartisan act was championed by the late Sen. Lindsey Graham (R-SC). The legislation imposes a variety of sanctions, tariffs, and prohibitions related to Russia and Iran, and explicitly prohibits U.S. persons from making new investments in Russia. It also expands the tax deduction for early childhood education teachers for classroom expenses. The bill was introduced on Sept. 11, 2025, by Rep. Jimmy Panetta (D-CA). It passed in the House on April 27 and in the Senate on Aug. 7, with final changes agreed upon on Sept. 16. The president signed the bill into law a day later.
Digital Asset Market Clarity Act (HR 3633) – Known as the Clarity Act, the purpose of this Trump Administration-backed bill is to implement the first regulations for the crypto sector. The bill was introduced by Rep. French Hill (R-AR) on May 29, 2025. It passed in the House on July 17, 2025. However, opponents of the bill say the industry-led standards are far too lenient and do not provide enough safeguards. The bill recently failed in the Senate after a party-line cloture vote, which means the debate ended before the floor could vote on the bill (considered a filibuster). The cloture vote does not rule out the Senate trying again at a later date.
Ratepayer Protection Act (HR 9340) – In an effort to rein in AI data center utility costs, this bill would require state utilities to consider adopting standards to ensure cost recovery for the generation, transmission, and distribution services of large-load electricity customers. This high-stakes, bipartisan issue comes ahead of the midterm elections in an effort to assure voters that local data centers will not ramp up local residents’ utility bills. The legislation was introduced by Rep. Gabe Evans (R-CO) on June 18. It passed in the House on Sept. 16 and currently resides in the Senate.
Stopping Political Discrimination in Disaster Assistance Act (HR 1342) – Current law states that federal major disaster emergency relief and assistance must be provided without discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, nationality, sex, age, disability, English proficiency or economic status. The bill, introduced by Rep. Scott Perry (R-PA) on Feb. 13, 2025, would add political affiliation protection under this requirement. The act passed in the House on Sept. 16 and awaits consideration in the Senate.
Disclaimer
These articles provide general information on tax, accounting, and financial topics for small businesses and individuals. They are educational in nature and are not specific legal, accounting, financial, tax, or other professional advice, and should not be relied upon as such. This content was prepared by Service2Client and may have been reviewed or edited by the website owner for accuracy and compliance. Look for a trust mark below for verification details. No representation is made that any approach described will achieve a particular result, and no regulatory or professional body has reviewed or endorsed this content. Because each situation is different, readers should consult a qualified professional about their specific circumstances before acting. Images accompanying these articles are protected by copyright and may not be copied or reused.